The virus that causes avian flu, also referred to as avian influenza or bird flu, mostly affects birds, including domestic poultry and wild birds. The avian flu viruses, influenza A, are categorized into different subtypes according to the surface proteins neuraminidase (N) and hemagglutinin (H). One of the most well-known subtypes, H5N1, has been linked to serious outbreaks in poultry and sporadic human transmission.
The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has released updated reports on new highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in poultry over the past few days. Among these states is California, where the virus has affected more layer farms.
Certain types of avian flu viruses can infect humans even though the majority of them do not infect humans. Humans usually contract the disease by coming into close contact with diseased birds or their droppings. Human-to-human transmission has been reported on rare occasions, but it typically entails close contact with an infected person.
Human symptoms of the avian flu can vary from moderate respiratory problems to severe respiratory distress and, in rare instances, fatality.
Within two to eight days, symptoms start to appear, and they may resemble the typical flu. There may be headaches, muscle aches, fever, sore throats, coughs, and shortness of breath. In humans, the disease can have a high death rate. If given within two days of the onset of symptoms, several antiviral medications may be helpful.
In particular, outbreaks of avian flu that have the potential to spread to humans are closely monitored and controlled. To stop the virus from spreading, this involves monitoring chicken populations, eradicating afflicted birds, and implementing public health initiatives. To avoid and lessen the effects of avian flu outbreaks, research and development efforts are also being made to enhance vaccinations for both humans and birds.
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